Applicable Methods
In basic research, studies targeting FOXO4 mainly involve antibody detection, gene function intervention, and protein-protein interaction analysis:
1. **Western Blot**: This is the most commonly used method for detecting FOXO4 protein expression levels and phosphorylation status (e.g., p-FOXO4). Rabbit polyclonal antibodies are recommended, with a recommended dilution ratio of 1:1000. For optimal detection results, primary antibody incubation should be performed overnight at 4°C with gentle shaking. The molecular weight of FOXO4 is approximately 65 kDa.
2. **Gene Function Intervention**: Using shRNA lentiviral libraries or plasmid transfection technology, FOXO4 expression is knocked down in cell or animal models to observe its effects on tumor invasion, metastasis, or cellular senescence phenotypes.
3. **Chromium Immunoprecipitation-seq (ChIP-seq)**: Used to screen for target genes and binding sites directly regulated by FOXO4 across the entire genome, elucidating its transcriptional regulatory network.
4. **Co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP):** Used to verify the physical interactions between FOXO4 and proteins such as p53, AR (androgen receptor), or Myocardin.
Application Scenarios
Based on its broad biological functions, FOXO4-related reagents and research are mainly applied in the following areas:
1. **Tumor Biology Research:** Primarily used in the study of the mechanisms of malignant tumors such as prostate cancer and acute leukemia. Specifically, it explores how FOXO4, as a metastasis suppressor gene, inhibits tumor invasion and metastasis by antagonizing the PI3K/AKT pathway or regulating downstream genes such as RUNX2.
2. **Anti-aging and Cellular Senescence Mechanisms:** Used to study the survival mechanisms of senescent cells. By developing tools such as FOXO4-DRI (FOXO4-derived peptide inhibitors), the interaction between FOXO4 and p53 can be blocked, inducing apoptosis in senescent cells, thus providing new strategies for anti-aging therapy.
3. **Developmental Biology**: Investigate the synergistic regulatory role of the FOXO4-SP6 axis in surface epithelial (SE) development, and its function in neural fate determination and immune cell differentiation.
4. **Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases**: Explore the regulatory role of FOXO4 in smooth muscle cell differentiation inhibition and hypoxia response (via HIF-1α).
Storage Conditions:
To fully preserve the biological activity of FOXO4 peptides and avoid molecular denaturation and oxidative inactivation, they must be stored according to the classification specifications for lyophilized powder and reconstituted solution, with strict temperature control, protection from light, moisture, and contamination:
1. Unreconstituted lyophilized powder: For long-term stable storage, it must be placed in a sealed freezer environment at -20℃, protected from light and moisture, and kept away from high-temperature heat sources, humid environments, and corrosive reagents. This storage condition can preserve peptide activity for a long time and avoid powder oxidation, deliquescence, and inactivation. Long-term storage at room temperature or high temperature is prohibited.
2. Reconstituted Solution: After reconstitution, label with the preparation date and time. Seal and protect from light, store in a cool, dark environment at 2–8°C for short-term storage and use as soon as possible. Do not freeze, avoid temperature fluctuations, direct sunlight, or repeated freeze-thaw cycles to prevent damage to the peptide structure and loss of biological activity.
3. General Storage Requirements: The general storage temperature should not exceed 25°C. Keep dry and well-ventilated, avoid violent shaking, squeezing, and inverting the formulation bottle to prevent changes in the physicochemical properties of the formulation and ensure accurate and reliable experimental data.
FAQ
Q: What is the minimum order quantity?
A: The minimum order quantity is 10 bottles/set.
Q: How long does it take to ship?
A: In-stock orders will be shipped within 24 hours.
Q: What purity levels can you provide?
A: Standard purity 99%.
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A: FedEx, DHL, UPS, and postal services are available.
Q: How long does shipping take?
A: Approximately 10-15 days.
Q: Can you provide a COA (Certificate of Account) quality inspection report and HPLC (High-Performance Liquid Chromatography) test report?
A: Yes, all goods undergo professional testing before shipment.
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A: OEM branding service is supported, subject to minimum order quantity requirements.
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A: After the customer signs for the goods, if a quality problem is confirmed to be caused by our production, they can enjoy free replacement or refund. We adhere to a pragmatic and responsible service principle, actively responding to and properly handling all kinds of issues, without shirking responsibility or avoiding problems, and fully protecting the rights and interests of our customers.
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